¬ü°ê    United States

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­I´ºÂ²¤¶    Background Introduction

 

¤j¤£¦CÄAªº¬ü§Q°í´Þ¥Á¦a¦b¦è¤¸¤@¤C¤C¤»¦~²æÂ÷©v¥D°ê­^°ê¦Ó¿W¥ß¡C¨Ì¾Ú¤@¤C¤K¤T¦~ªº¤Ú¾¤±ø¬ù¬ü§Q°í¦X²³°ê¦¨¬°¤@­Ó·sªº°ê®a¡C¸g¹L¤Q¤E©M¤G¤Q¥@¬ö¦V¥_¬ü¤j³°ªºÂX®i¤ÎÀò±o®ü¥~ªº»â¤g¡A¬ü°ê¦b­ì¨Óªº¤Q¤T¦{¤§«á¤S¼W¥[¤F¤T¤Q¤C­Ó¦{¡C¬ü°ê¸g¾ú¤F¥v¤Wªº¨â¤j³Ð¶Ë¡F§Yµo¥Í¦b¤@¤K¤»¤@¦Ü¤@¤K¤»¤­¦~ªº¤º¾Ô©M¤@¤E¤T¡³¦~¥Nªº¤j¿½±ø¡C²Ä¤@¦¸©M²Ä¤G¦¸¥@¬É¤j¾ÔªºÀò³Ó¤Î¤@¤E¤E¤@¦~§N¾Ôµ²§ôªº¿EÀy¡A¬ü°ê¸gÀÙ¦¨ªøÃ­©w¡A¥¢·~©M³q³f¿±µÈ²v§C¡A¬ì§Þ¥ý¶i¡C

 

¦a²z    Geography

 

¦ì¸mLocation:

¦ì©ó¥_¬ü¤j³°©ó¥_¤j¦è¬v©M¥_¤Ó¥­¬v¤§¶¡»P¥[®³¤j©M¾¥¦è­ô¬°¾F¡C

­±¿nArea:

¥þ­±¿n¡G9,631,420¥­¤è¤½¨½¡C
¤g¦a­±¿n¡G9,161,923¥­¤è¤½¨½¡C
¤ô°ì­±¿n¡G469,497¥­¤è¤½¨½¡C
µù¡G¥u§t¬A50¦{©MµØ²±¹y¯S°Ï¡C

­±¿n¤ñ¸û

Area - comparative:

¤j¬ù«Xù´µªº¤@¥b¡F«D¬wªº¤Q¤À¤§¤T¡F«n¬ü¬wªº¤@¥b¡]²¤¤j©ó¤Ú¦è¡^¡F¤ñ¤¤°ê¤j³°¤j¤@ÂI¡F¬ù¬°¼Ú·ùªº¨â­¿¥b¡C

¤g¦aÃä¬É

Land boundaries:

Á`ªø¡G12,034 ¤½¨½¡C

Ãä¬É°ê¡G¥[®³¤j8,893¤½¨½¡]¥]¬Aªü©Ô´µ¥[2,477¤½¨½¡^¡F¾¥¦è­ô3,141¤½¨½¡C

µù¡G¬ü°ê¦b¥j¤ÚÃö¶ð¨º¼¯ÆW¡]Guantanamo Bay¡^ªº®ü­x°ò¦a¬°¬ü°ê¯²­É¦a¡AÄÝ¥j¤Úªº¤@³¡¤ÀÃä¬Éªø29¤½¨½¡C

®ü©¤½uCoastline:

19,924¤½¨½¡C

®ð­ÔClimate:

¤j³¡¤ÀÄÝ·Å©M®ð­Ô¡F¦ý®L«Â¦i©M¦òù¨½¹FÄݼö±a«¬®ð­Ô¡Fªü©Ô´µ¥[ÄY´H¡F±K¦è¦è¤ñªe¥H¦èªº¼s¤j¥­­ì«B¶qµ}¤Ö¡F¦è«n¤j¬Ö¦a°®Àê¡F¦è¥_¦a°Ï¥V©u®ð·Å§C¡A¤@¡B¤G¤ë¶¡°¸¦³¨Ó¦Û¸¨ÁF¤sªF¯ßªº«´§V§J·x­·¨Ï§C·Åµy·L½w©M¡C

¦a²z¯S¼xGeography - note:

¥@¬É²Ä¤T¤j°ê¡A¤g¦a¡]¦¸©ó«Xù´µ©M¥[®³¤j¡^¡F¤H¤f¡]¦¸©ó¤¤°ê©M¦L«×¡^¡F³ÁªÖ¥§¤s¯ß¡]Mt. McKinley¡^¬O¥_¬ü³Ì°ª®p¡F¦º¨¦¡]Death Valley¡^¬O¥_¬ü³°¦a¤W³Ì§CºÚªº¦a¤è¡C

 

¤H¤f    People

 

¤H¤fPopulation:

298,444,215 (2006¦~7¤ë¹w¦ô)

¦~ÄÖµ²ºc

Age structure:

0-14 ·³: 20.4% (¨k©Ê 31,095,847/¤k©Ê 29,715,872)
15-64 ·³: 67.2% (¨k©Ê100,022,845/¤k©Ê100,413,484)
65 ·³¤Î¥H¤W: 12.5% (¨k©Ê15,542,288/¤k©Ê21,653,879) (2006 ¦~¹w¦ô)

¤H¤f¦¨ªø²vPopulation growth rate:

0.91% (2006¦~¹w¦ô)

¥X¥Í²v

Birth rate:

14.14/1000 (2006¦~¹w¦ô)

 

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Death rate:

8.26/1000 (2006¦~¹w¦ô)

²b²¾¤J²v

Net migration rate:

3.18 /1,000 (2006¦~¹w¦ô)

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Sex ratio:

ªì¥Í: 1.05 ¨k/¤k

15·³¥H¤U: 1.05 ¨k/¤k

15-64 ·³: 1 ¨k/¤k

65 ·³¤Î¥H¤W: 0.72 ¨k/¤k

¥þ¤H¤f: 0.97 ¨k/¤k (2006¦~¹w¦ô)¡C

¥­§¡¾l©R

Life expectancy at birth:

¥þ¤H¤f: 77.85 ·³
¨k: 75.02 ·³
¤k: 80.82 ·³ (2006¦~¹w¦ô)

 

¬F©²    Government

 

­º©²Capital:

µØ²±¹yWashington, DC¡C

¦æ¬F°Ï¤ÀAdministrative divisions:

¬ü°ê¥Ñ50­Ó¦{©MµØ²±¹y¯S°Ï²Õ¦¨¡A³Ì«á¥[¤JÁp¨¹¬F©²ªº¬Oªü©Ô´µ¥[¡]²Ä49­Ó¡^©M®L«Â¦i¡]²Ä50­Ó¡^¡A§¡©ó1959¦~¥[¤J¡CµØ²±¹y­ô­Û¤ñ¨È¯S°Ï¬°¬ü°ê°ê·|ÁÒ¤UªºÁp¨¹¦æ¬F°Ï¡A¦b°ê·|¥Ñ¤@­Ó·í¿ï¦ýµLªí¨MÅvªº²³Ä³°|®u¦ì¥Nªí¡C©~¥Á¦Û1961¦~¶}©l¾Ö¦³¿ïÁ|Á`²ÎªºÅv§Q¡C(¿ï¦Û¡G¥_¨Ê¬ü°ê¤j¨ÏÀ]ºô­¶¡Ð¬ü°ê²¤¶)

¬ü°êªº50­Ó¦{¡Gªü©Ô¤Ú°¨(AL) ªü©Ô´µ¥[(AK) ¨È§Q®á¨º (AZ) ªüªÖ¦â (AR) ¥[§QºÖ¥§¨È (CA) ¬ìù©Ô¦h (CO) ±d¯I¨f®æ (CT) ¯S©ÔµØ (DE) ¦òù¨½¹F (FL) ³ìªv¨È (GA) ®L«Â¦i (HI) ·R¹F²ü (ID) ¥ì§Q¿Õ¨Ì (IL) ¦L¦a¦w¨º (IN) ¦çªüµØ (IA) ³ôÂÄ´µ (KS) ªÖ¶ð°ò (KY) ¸ô©ö´µ¦w¨º (LA) ½q¦] (ME) °¨¨½Äõ (MD) ³Â¶ë½Ñ¶ë (MA) ±K·²®Ú (MI) ©ú¥§Ä¬¹F (MN) ±K¦è¦è¤ñ (MS) ±KĬùØ (MO) »X¤j®³ (MT) ¤º¥¬©Ô´µ¥[ (NE) ¤ºµØ¹F (NV) ·s¨u¥¬®L (NH) ·s¿A¦è (NJ) ·s¾¥¦è­ô (NM) ¯Ã¬ù (NY) ¥_¥dù¨Ó¯Ç (NC) ¥_¹F¬ì¥L (ND) «X¥è«X (OH) ¶ø§J©Ô²ü°¨ (OK) «X°Ç©£ (OR) »«¤iªk¥§¨È (PA) ù¼w®q (RI) «n¥dù¨Ó¯Ç (SC) «n¹F¬ì¥L (SD) ¥Ð¯Ç¦è (TN) ¼w§JÂÄ´µ (TX) µS¥L (UT) ¦ò»X¯S (VT) ¦ò¦N¥§¨È (VA) µØ²±¹y (WA) ¦è¦ò¦N¥§¨È (WV) «Â´µ±d¬P (WI) Ãh«X©ú (WY)¡C

ªþÄݦa°ÏDependent areas:

ªi¦h¾¤¦U¬O¬ü°êªº¦Ûªv°Ï¡Aªi¦h¾¤¦U¤H¬°¬ü°ê¤½¥Á¡A¤£°Ñ»P¬ü°êªºÁ`²Î¿ïÁ|¡A¦ý¦³Åv¿ïÁ|¤@¦WµLªí¨MÅvªº¬ü°ê²³Ä³°|±M­û¡C¬üÄݺûº¸¨Ê¸s®q¡X¡X¥Ñ¸t¬ù¿«¡B¸t§Jù´µ©M¸t¦«°¨´µ²Õ¦¨¡A¬O¬ü°êªºµL«Ø¨î»â¦a¡A¨ü¬ü°ê¤º¬F³¡®qÀ¬¨Æ°È¿ì¤½«ÇºÞÁÒ¡C¤gµÛ©~¥Á¬°¬ü°ê¤½¥Á¡A¦ý¨S¦³¿ïÁ|¬ü°êÁ`²ÎªºÅv§Q¡C¥_°¨§Q¦w¯Ç¸s®q¬°¦Ûªv°Ï¡A¬O¬ü°êªº¬Fªv·ù¤Í¡A¹ê¦æ¦Ûªv¡A¦Û¦æ¿ïÁ|¦æ¬Fªø©x©M¥ßªk¾÷Ãö¡C¬üÄÝÂļ¯¨È¸s®q¬°¬ü°êªºµL«Ø¨î»â¦a¡A¨ü¬ü°ê¤º¬F³¡®qÀ¬¨Æ°È¿ì¤½«ÇºÞÁÒ¡CÃö®q¬°¬ü°êªºµL«Ø¨î»â¦a¡A¨ü¬ü°ê¤º¬F³¡®qÀ¬¨Æ°È¿ì¤½«ÇºÞÁÒ¡C©~¥Á¬°¬ü°ê¤½¥Á¡A¦ý¨S¦³¬ü°êÁ`²Î¿ïÁ|Åv¡CÄÝ©ó¬ü°ê»â¦aªºÁÙ¦³¡G¨©§J®q¡B»¨Äõ®q¡B¸ëºû´µ®q¡B¬ù¿«´µ¹y®q¡Bª÷°ÒÁG¡B¤¤³~®q¡B¯Ç¥±¨F®q¡B©¬ÁÚ©ÔÀôÁG¡B«Â§J®q¡C(¿ï¦Û¡G¥_¨Ê¬ü°ê¤j¨ÏÀ]ºô­¶¡Ð¬ü°ê²¤¶) ¡C

°ê¼y¤é¡]¿W¥ß¬ö©À¤é¡^National holiday:

¤C¤ë¥|¤é¡]1776¦~¡^¡C

¾ËªkConstitution:

1787¦~9¤ë17¤é³q¹L, 1789¦~3¤ë4¤é¹ê¬I¡C

¦æ¬F³¡ªùExecutive branch:

°ê®a¤¸­º¡]³Ì°ª¦æ¬F­ºªø¡^¡G³ìªvW.¥¬§ÆÁ`²Î¡]2001¦~¤¸¤ë20¤é¡Ð¡^¡F²z¬dB.銭¥§°ÆÁ`²Î¡]2001¦~¤¸¤ë20¤é¡Ð¡^

¤º»Õ¡G¤º»Õ»Õ­û¥ÑÁ`²Î´£¦W°Ñij°|»{¥i¡C

¿ïÁ|¡GÁ`²Î¡B°ÆÁ`²Î¦b¦P¤@±i¿ï²¼¤W¡A¥Ñ¦U¦{¿ïÁ|¤H¹Î¥Nªí¿ï¥X¡A¥ô´Á¥|¦~¡]¥i³s¥ô¤@¦¸¡^¡F¤W¦¸¿ïÁ|¦b2004¦~11¤ë2¤éÁ|¦æ¡]¤U¤@¦¸±N¦b2008¦~11¤ë4¤éÁ|¦æ¡^¡C

¥ßªk³¡ªùLegislative branch:

¨â°|¨îªº°ê·|¥Ñ°Ñij°|©M²³Ä³°|²Õ¦¨¡G°Ñ°|¦³100­Ó®u¦ì¡A¨C¨â¦~§ï¿ï¤T¤À¤§¤@¡A¨C¦{¥Ñ´¶¿ï²£¥Í¨â¦ì°Ñij­û¥ô´Á6¦~¡F²³°|¦³435­Ó®u¦ìª½±µ´¶¿ï²£¥Í¥ô´Á2¦~¡C

¿ïÁ|¡G¤W¦¸¿ïÁ|¦b2004¦~11¤ë2¤é¡C¤U¦¸¿ïÁ|±N¦b2006¦~11¤ë7¤éÁ|¦æ¡C

¥qªk³¡ªùJudicial branch:

³Ì°ªªk°|¡]9¦ì¤jªk©x»Ý¦æ¬°ºÝ¥¿¥ÑÁ`²Î´£¦W°Ñij°|»{¥i¬°²×¥Í¾¡^¡F¬ü°ê¤W¶Dªk°|¡F¬ü°ê¦a°Ïªk°|¡F¦{¤Î°pªk°|¡C

°êºX±Ô­zFlag description:

¬ü°ê°êºX¤W¦³13±ø§¡µ¥ªº¬õ¦â¾î±ø¯¾¡F¤W¤U¬õ±ø¤§¶¡¥H¥Õ¦â¶¡¹j¡CÄa±¾Ã䪺¤W¤è¡AÂŦâ¯x§Î¤è¶ô¤¤±Æ¦CµÛ50Áû¥Õ¦âªº¤p¤­¨~¬P¡A9­Ó¾î±Æ«ö6Áû5Áû¬Û¶¡ªº¦¸§Ç±Æ¦C¡]¤W¤U±Æ¬Ò¦U6Áû¡^¡C50Áû¬P¥Nªí50¦{¡F13±ø¯¾¥Nªí­ì©l´Þ¥Áªº13­Ó¦{¡F¥çºÙ¬°Â¤骺ºaÄ£¡C

 

           

¸ê®Æ¨Ó·½¡G2006¥@¬É¹ê±¡¦~Ų¡]The World Factbook 2006¡^